ABSTRACT
In the context of the global covid19 virus, people must stay at home and stop working, and the economy is in dire straits. When the epidemic is under control, people have a strong desire to travel and let themselves relax. The government also hopes to promote economic recovery and increase employment opportunities by implementing tourism projects. Tourist souvenirs are characteristic products of tourist attractions. It can bring more cultural memory to tourist destinations and drive consumption growth. In this study, the project will design flower-themed tourist souvenirs for Guangzhou. The project organizes Chinese painters, graphic designers, and product designers to work together. The study hopes to meet people's psychological needs through improved tourist souvenirs after the epidemic. Taking Bird of Paradise as an example, the study analyzes how to link the properties of plants to tourist destinations and collaborates with experts in different fields to design new tourist souvenirs based on tourists' psychological needs. In the future, souvenirs from tourism festivals will be used as an essential design strategy to improve the psychological needs of tourists after the epidemic. © 2022, Association Res Militaris. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
In heritage sites and museums, souvenir shops are of considerable commercial importance;furthermore, they add to the overall experience of visitors. This contribution explores the narrative quality of some souvenirs that seek to reflect a country’s history and heritage. Three examples will serve as case studies: (1) souvenirs depicting the Berlin Wall (Germany)—moving from a historical event toward wider-reaching generic ideas, such as freedom;(2) souvenirs commemorating the First World War and their role in the context of the War’s centenary (England);and (3) souvenirs that reflect aspects of dark tourism (various locations). In each case, the narrative attached to the items for sale potentially removes them from the experience of the exhibition. As such, souvenirs in the shop offer an experience in their own right, but they do not necessarily echo the culture, heritage, or history of a region or a country.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of this paper is to propose a way to minimize the negative impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the activities of mini-breweries. Research questions: Has pandemic affected the decrease in mini-breweries production? Can tourism help to save mini-breweries? What specific problems has the pandemic caused to mini-breweries? How do mini-breweries solve their problems? Research Methods: The paper presents a comparative analysis of the results of primary sources obtained through a questionnaire survey. The research tool used was an online survey conducted between 10 September and 10 October 2020 capturing answers from 59 mini-breweries in the Czech Republic. The survey examined effects of the pandemic, views on the changing beer market, mitigation measures, effects on demand for beer and other services and evaluation of government measures. Minibreweries were contacted in writing or in person. There were three categories for the length of operation of the minibrewery on the market. 33 microbreweries have been on the market for more than 5 years, 23 for a period of 2 to 5 years and the remaining 3 have been on the market for less than 2 years. It was also examined where mini-breweries have their headquarters. The majority of respondents was from municipalities with less than 2,000 inhabitants, a total of 14. Cities of 2 - 5 000 habitants were represented by 6 microbreweries, 5 - 10 000 by 8, 10 - 50 000 by 9, 50 - 100 000 by 1 and larger than 100 000 by 9. The second largest group consisted of breweries from Prague with 12 responses. Results and Discussion: The pandemic negatively or rather negatively affected the economy of mini-breweries (75%). The pandemic did not affect the economy at all (10%). It is too early to assess effects of the pandemic (10%). The economy of mini-breweries has improved (5%). The pandemic caused a dramatic drop in sales (67.8%). The mini-brewery lost customers (40.7%). The mini-brewery sustained economic losses due to the wastage of already brewed beer (25.4%). The mini-brewery lost employees (22.0%). The pandemic had no impact (16.9%). The mini-brewery reported higher sales (1.7%). Mini-breweries responded to the situation: 76.3% opened a takeaway window;59.3% distributed beer to clients;52.5% changed the structure of beer bottling;45.8% started using social media more;42,4% increased Internet advertising;40.7% started online sales;10.2% reduced the range of products. Brewers perceive tourism as a possible starting point. The role of off-trade is often mentioned, as well as the price of beer as factors influencing the demand for beer. The research clearly confirmed the need to strengthen the role of tourism as a tool to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on microbreweries. It demonstrates the need for a specific focus on a specific tourist segment coming to the Czech Republic, not only in beer or gastronomic tourism but also in experiential, cultural-historical and educational tourism in deeper cooperation with destination management organizations. Implications: The pandemic has an impact on the activities of mini-breweries, beer production has been reduced, employees have lost their jobs, premises have been closed and the number of customers dropped. Most mini-breweries have introduced product and marketing innovations. Renewed tourism can revive the activities of mini-breweries with their original products (tourist brewery tours, tastings, sale of souvenirs) and new ones (opening a beer museum, social and entertainment events, beer brewing experience courses, etc.). The research suggests the cooperation of several entities - mini-breweries with a specific DMO of the region in which the mini-brewery is located - the CzechTourism national tourism centre - by selected travel agencies or offices focusing on experiential gastronomy, beer, educational and cultural-historical tourism. As part of the proposed cooperation, it will be possible to streamline national and foreign marketing projects to raise the profile of mini-breweries and increase tourists' awareness of the ex
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research is to study the local identity of Dong Chen Sub-district, Phu Kamyao District, Phayao Province, and consumer behavior and factors affecting the selection of souvenir products in Phayao Province using applied research methods to study the qualitative data to find and define the local identity from a sample of community entrepreneurs and handicraft community members with an interview and consumer behavior questionnaires The sample group is those interested in souvenir products. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics to select the types of wicker souvenir products that will be developed to meet the needs of consumers and summarized to propose a new guideline to develop new wickerwork souvenirs. The results of the study showed that 1) the local identity of Dong Chen Sub-district was lifestyle related to agriculture, prosperous natural contexts, rivers, and mountains contribute to agricultural productivity, agricultural products processing as an export 2) Decoration as a souvenir product, which is the best seller, includes woven plant basket set and tableware decoration set according to the current trend, New Normal, after the COVID-19 crisis. The factors in purchasing are reasonable price in accordance with its quality for the real use, beautiful colors and design, uniqueness and the craftsmanship of the production, increasing sales through online platforms, which is a product design guide for increasing economic value, developing potential of local wickerwork manufacturers, creating innovative production, material mixing and use of other materials that lead to the creation of more unique souvenir products of Dong Chen Sub-district.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed tremendous impacts on the tourism industry worldwide. The tourism sector can take advantage of the new technology (e.g. virtual tourism), to respond to the challenges. This study aims to investigate factors influencing people's acceptability in using virtual tourism during the pandemic in China and explore how virtual tourism can aid the recovery of tourism industry during and after the pandemic. We explore this through a mixed-methods approach. Our results show that the use of virtual tourism can be partially explained by the theory of planned behaviour. Virtual tourism has a strong influence on people's on-site destination choices and can be used as an effective marketing tool to promote destinations and a platform to sell souvenirs and products. Virtual tourism can be an entertainment activity to bring immersed experience to people without being actually in the destinations, and thus reinforce stay-at-home order and help contain COVID-19. Even after the pandemic is over, people still show willingness to use virtual tourism for diverse purposes. The qualitative data also suggest virtual tourism can help promote sustainable tourism by reducing unnecessary greenhouse gas emissions from transportation and enhance 'virtual accessibility' especially for the elderly and disabled with limited mobility.